Are service lifetime and degradation models suitable for PV modules?
The latest scientific work shows that service lifetime and degradation models for PV modules are of specific use if they combine different modelling approaches and include know-how and modelling parameters of the most relevant degradation effects.
How to predict the service lifetime of PV modules?
To evaluate and predict the service lifetime of PV modules in real-world operating conditions, mathematical approaches are usually utilized , , . Physical and statistical methods have been commonly used and recently machine learning approaches are being applied.
What is the IEA photovoltaic power systems programme?
The IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme (IEA PVPS) is one of the TCP’s within the IEA and was established in . The mission of the programme is to “enhance the international collaborative efforts which facilitate the role of photovoltaic solar energy as a cornerstone in the transition to sustainable energy systems.”
What is the lifetime of a PV module?
Therefore, in the manufacturers’ context, the lifetime of a PV module is often defined as the time required for a PV module to lose its initial STC power by 20% (so-called degradation limit) . For outdoor degradation evaluations, statistical methods are commonly used.
What is the end of functional life of a PV module?
Then the functional end of life is reached. From a purely technical viewpoint, the end of functional life of a PV module is only reached when the module does not deliver any electricity at all or electrical safety is not guaranteed anymore.
Can solar PV modules be tested for outdoor life-time prediction?
Testing of PV modules has generally been unrepresentative and insufficient for outdoor life-time prediction. Light produces various light-induced degradation (LID) effects, including those associated with bill of material (BoM) complexes, metallic impurities, and hydrogen.
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